電動(dòng)扭矩扳手使用過程中需要用到緊固件，下面來看下都有哪些緊固件：
Fasteners are required during the use of the main electric torque wrench. Here are the fasteners:
(1) 品種的選擇原則
(1) Selection principle of varieties
① 從加工、裝配的工作效率考慮，在同一機(jī)械或工程內(nèi)，應(yīng)盡量減少使用緊固件的品種；
① Considering the working efficiency of processing and assembly, the variety of fasteners used in the same machinery or project shall be minimized;
② 從經(jīng)濟(jì)考慮，應(yīng)優(yōu)先選用商品緊固件品種。
② In terms of economy, the variety of commercial fasteners shall be preferred.
③ 根據(jù)緊固件預(yù)期的使用要求，按型式、機(jī)械性能、精度和螺紋等方面確定選用品種。
③ According to the expected use requirements of fasteners, the selected varieties shall be determined according to the type, mechanical properties, accuracy and thread.
(2) 型式
(2) Type
① 螺栓
① Bolt
a) 一般用途螺栓：品種很多，有六角頭和方頭之分。六角頭螺栓應(yīng)用更普通，按制造精度和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量分為A、B、C等產(chǎn)品等級(jí)，以A和B級(jí)應(yīng)用更多，并且主要用于重要的、裝配精度高以及受較大沖擊、振動(dòng)或變載荷的地方。六角頭螺栓按其頭部支承面積大小及安裝位置尺寸，可分為六角頭與大六角頭兩種；頭部或螺桿有帶孔的品種供需要鎖緊時(shí)采用。方頭螺栓的方頭有較大的尺寸和受力表面，便于扳手口卡住或靠住其他零件起止轉(zhuǎn)作用，常用在比較粗糙的結(jié)構(gòu)上，有時(shí)也用于T型槽中，便于螺栓在槽中松動(dòng)調(diào)整位置。見GB8、GB5780～5790等。
a) General purpose bolts: there are many varieties, including hexagonal head and square head. Hexagon head bolts are the most common. They are divided into product grades A, B and C according to manufacturing accuracy and product quality. Grade A and B are the most widely used, and are mainly used in important places with high assembly accuracy and subject to large impact, vibration or variable load. According to the size of head bearing area and installation position, hexagon head bolts can be divided into hexagon head and large hexagon head; There are varieties with holes on the head or screw for locking. The square head of the square head bolt has a large size and stress surface, which is convenient for the wrench mouth to clamp or rely on other parts to stop rotation. It is often used in rough structures and sometimes in T-shaped grooves, so as to facilitate the loosening and adjustment of the bolt in the groove. See GB8, gb5780 ~ 5790, etc.
b) 鉸制孔用螺栓：使用時(shí)將螺栓緊密鑲?cè)脬q制孔內(nèi)，以防止工件錯(cuò)位，見GB27等。
b) Bolt for reaming hole: when in use, the bolt shall be tightly inserted into the reamed hole to prevent workpiece dislocation, see GB27, etc.
c) 止轉(zhuǎn)螺栓： 有方頸、帶榫之分，見GB12～15等；
c) Anti rotation bolt: it can be divided into square neck and tenon, see gb12 ~ 15, etc;
d) 特殊用途螺栓：包括T型槽用螺栓、活節(jié)螺栓和地腳螺栓。T型槽用螺栓多用于需經(jīng)常拆開連接的地方；地腳螺栓用于水泥基礎(chǔ)中固定機(jī)架或電機(jī)底座。見GB798、GB799等；
d) Special purpose bolts: including T-groove bolts, movable joint bolts and anchor bolts. T-groove bolts are mostly used in places that need to be disassembled and connected frequently; Anchor bolts are used to fix the frame or motor base in the cement foundation. See gb798, gb799, etc;
e)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)用高強(qiáng)度螺栓連接副：一般用于建筑、橋梁、塔架、管道支架及起重機(jī)械等鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的摩擦型連接的場(chǎng)合，見GB3632等。
e) High strength bolt connection pair for steel structure: generally used for friction connection of steel structures such as buildings, bridges, towers, pipe supports and hoisting machinery. See gb3632, etc.
② 螺母
② Nut
a) 一般用途螺母：品種很多，有六角螺母，方螺母等。六角螺母配合六角螺栓應(yīng)用更普遍，按制造精度和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量分為A、B、C級(jí)等產(chǎn)品等級(jí)。六角薄螺母在防松裝置中用作副螺母，起鎖緊作用，或用于螺紋連接副主要承受剪切力的地方。六角厚螺母多用于經(jīng)常拆卸的連接中。方螺母與方頭螺栓配用，扳手卡住不易打滑，多用于粗糙、簡(jiǎn)單的結(jié)構(gòu)。見GB41、GB6170～6177等；
a) General purpose nuts: there are many kinds, including hexagonal nuts, square nuts, etc. Hexagon nut and hexagon bolt are most commonly used. They are divided into Grade A, B and C according to manufacturing accuracy and product quality. Hexagon thin nut is used as auxiliary nut in the locking device for locking, or where the threaded connection pair mainly bears shear force. Hexagon thick nuts are mostly used in connections that are often disassembled. The square nut is matched with the square head bolt. It is not easy to slip when the wrench is stuck. It is mostly used for rough and simple structures. See gb41, gb6170 ～ 6177, etc;
b) 開槽螺母：主要指六角開槽螺母，即在六角螺母上方加工出槽。它與螺桿帶孔螺栓和開口銷配合使用，以防止螺栓與螺母相對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，見GB6178～6181等；
b) Slotted nut: it mainly refers to hexagon slotted nut, that is, the groove is processed above the hexagon nut. It is used in conjunction with threaded bolts with holes and cotter pins to prevent the relative rotation of bolts and nuts. See gb6178 ~ 6181, etc;
c) 鎖緊螺母：指具有鎖緊功能的螺母，有尼龍嵌件六z角鎖緊螺母和全金屬六角鎖緊螺母等。六角尼龍圈鎖緊螺母具有非?？煽康姆浪赡芰?，在使用溫度-60～+100℃和一定的介質(zhì)條件下，具有不損壞螺栓及被連接件和可以頻繁裝卸等有點(diǎn)。見GB889、GB6182～6187等；
c) Lock nut: refers to the nut with locking function, including nylon insert hexagon Z lock nut and all metal hexagon lock nut. Hexagon nylon ring lock nut has very reliable anti loosening ability. Under the service temperature of - 60 ~ + 100 ℃ and certain medium conditions, it has the advantages of not damaging bolts and connected parts and can be loaded and unloaded frequently. See gb889, gb6182 ～ 6187, etc;
d) 特殊用途螺母：如蝶形螺母、蓋形螺母、滾花螺母和嵌裝螺母等。蝶形螺母一般不用工具即可拆裝，通常用于需經(jīng)常拆開和受力不大的地方；蓋形螺母用在端部螺扣需要罩蓋的地方。見GB62、GB63、GB802、GB923、GB806、GB807、GB809等。
d) Special purpose nuts: such as butterfly nuts, cap nuts, knurled nuts and embedded nuts. Butterfly nuts can be disassembled without tools. They are usually used where they need to be disassembled frequently and bear little force; Cap nuts are used where the end studs need to be covered. See gb62, gb63, gb802, gb923, gb806, gb807, gb809, etc.
③ 螺釘
③ Screw
a) 機(jī)器螺釘：因頭型和槽形不同而分成許多品種。頭型有圓柱頭、盤頭、沉頭和半沉頭幾種，頭部槽形一般為開槽（一字槽）、十字槽和內(nèi)六角槽三種。
a) Machine screw: it is divided into many varieties due to different head and groove shapes. The head types include cylindrical head, pan head, countersunk head and semi countersunk head. The head groove shapes are generally slotted (slotted groove), cross groove and hexagonal groove.
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